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KnowledgeLayer 3Classification & Understanding

Complexity Scoring

Your inbox has 200 items. Some are password resets. Some require 3 hours of research and a team decision.

They all look the same. They all sit in the same queue. Your best people spend half their day on tasks anyone could handle.

The problem is not volume. It is that simple and complex work are treated identically until a human looks at them.

7 min read
intermediate
Relevant If You're
Building systems that route work to the right people
Reducing time senior team members spend on trivial tasks
Automating simple requests while escalating complex ones

CLASSIFICATION PATTERN - The intelligence layer that separates work requiring expertise from work requiring execution.

Where This Sits

Category 3.1: Classification & Understanding

3
Layer 3

Understanding & Analysis

Intent ClassificationSentiment AnalysisEntity ExtractionTopic DetectionComplexity ScoringUrgency DetectionAwareness Level Detection
Explore all of Layer 3
What It Is

Measuring how much thinking a request actually requires

Complexity scoring assigns a difficulty rating to incoming requests, documents, or tasks before any human sees them. It looks at factors like the number of entities involved, the ambiguity of the language, whether multiple systems are affected, and historical patterns of similar requests.

A password reset scores low. A complaint referencing three different orders, two payment methods, and a pending refund scores high. The score determines what happens next: automated handling, junior team member, senior specialist, or escalation.

Without complexity scoring, your most expensive people waste time on tasks your cheapest automation could handle.

The Lego Block Principle

Complexity scoring solves a universal problem: matching work difficulty to the appropriate resource level so nothing is over-handled or under-handled.

The core pattern:

Analyze incoming work for complexity indicators. Assign a score or tier. Route to the appropriate handler based on that tier. Track outcomes to refine scoring over time. This pattern applies whether you are routing support requests, reviewing documents, or triaging any queue.

Where else this applies:

Documentation requests - Simple status questions route to AI. Policy interpretations requiring judgment route to specialists.
Process approvals - Routine requests auto-approve. Multi-stakeholder decisions requiring context route to decision makers.
New hire questions - FAQ-answerable questions route to knowledge base. Role-specific questions route to mentors.
Report generation - Standard templates generate automatically. Custom analysis requiring interpretation routes to analysts.
Interactive: Complexity Scoring Simulator

See how requests get scored and routed

Select different request types to see how complexity indicators translate to scores and routing decisions.

Incoming Request

"I cannot log in to my account. Can you help me reset my password?"

Complexity Analysis

Click "Analyze Complexity" to see the breakdown

Scoring Rules
+1
Single intent
Reset password
+3
Multiple intents
Reset + investigate fraud
+1
Each entity referenced
Account, order, charge
+2
Cross-references history
"Same issue as before"
+2
Financial impact
Refunds, charges, disputes
+2
High ambiguity
Unclear timeline or details
How It Works

Three approaches to measuring complexity

Rule-Based Scoring

Count known complexity indicators

Define rules that add points for complexity signals: multiple entities mentioned (+2), references to past interactions (+1), involves multiple departments (+3), uses uncertain language (+1). Sum the points for a complexity score.

Pro: Transparent, easy to audit and adjust
Con: Misses patterns not explicitly defined

AI Classification

Let the model assess complexity directly

Prompt an AI model to rate complexity on a scale with reasoning. The model considers context, ambiguity, and domain knowledge requirements that rules might miss. More nuanced but requires clear criteria.

Pro: Handles nuance and novel patterns
Con: Less predictable, requires prompt tuning

Historical Pattern Matching

Learn from past resolution data

Analyze historical data: how long did similar requests take? How many interactions? What expertise was needed? New requests matching patterns of historically complex work inherit that complexity score.

Pro: Grounded in actual outcomes
Con: Requires historical data to function
Connection Explorer

Password reset in 10 seconds. Account fraud investigation to the right specialist.

Your team receives 150 incoming requests daily. Without complexity scoring, a senior team member might spend 15 minutes on a password reset while a fraud case sits untouched. With complexity scoring, simple requests auto-resolve while complex cases route directly to specialists with the right context.

Hover over any component to see what it does and why it's neededTap any component to see what it does and why it's needed

Incoming Request
Intent Classification
Entity Extraction
Complexity Scoring
You Are Here
Task Routing
Password Reset
Outcome
Fraud Specialist
Outcome
React Flow
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Foundation
Data Infrastructure
Intelligence
Understanding
Delivery
Outcome

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Upstream (Requires)

Intent ClassificationEntity Extraction

Downstream (Enables)

Task RoutingModel Routing
Common Mistakes

What breaks when complexity scoring fails

Do not conflate length with complexity

A long message explaining a password reset is still simple. A short message saying "same problem as last time" referencing months of history is complex. Your scoring counts words and routes the wordy password reset to senior staff.

Instead: Score on structural complexity indicators, not surface features. Entity count, cross-references, and ambiguity matter more than word count.

Do not skip validation against actual outcomes

Your scoring system routes requests. Six months later, you discover simple-scored items actually required 3 hours of work, and complex-scored items were resolved in 5 minutes. Nobody checked.

Instead: Track resolution time and outcome for each complexity tier. Regularly compare predicted complexity to actual effort. Retrain scoring when mismatches appear.

Do not make tiers too granular

You created 10 complexity levels because more precision feels better. Your routing rules become impossible to maintain. Nobody agrees what differentiates level 4 from level 5.

Instead: Start with 3 tiers: simple (automate), moderate (standard handler), complex (specialist). Add granularity only when you have clear routing differences for each level.

What's Next

Now that you understand complexity scoring

You have learned how to measure task difficulty before it reaches a human. The next step is using that score to route work to the right handler automatically.

Recommended Next

Task Routing

Directing work to appropriate handlers based on classification

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